kafkaintherun
who tells the birds where to fly?
Category: Articles
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Your PCR test is negative, so why are you still exhausted? A new review suggests COVID may wake up viruses and TB that have been hiding in your body for years.
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कोरोना भाइरस वा कोभिड-१९ के हो र कसरी लाग्छ भन्नेबारे अध्ययन भएका छन्, तर कोभिड-१९ को संक्रमणपछि शरीरमा कस्ता परिवर्तन आउँछ तथा लङ-कोभिड हुन्छ भन्नेबारे अझै धेरै अध्ययन गर्न बाँकी छ। यसै सन्दर्भमा, कोभिड-१९ पछि देखिने दीर्घकालीन असरहरू कोभिड-१९ को कारण मात्रै नभई संक्रमणका बेला टाउको उठाउने हाम्रै शरीरका लुकेका शत्रुहरू हुन सक्छन् कि भनेर…
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We humans have come this far by surviving many kinds of catastrophe over our evolution. Having split from the common ancestor we share with the other primates, the apes, nearly 5 million years ago, we are very new compared with many other species in nature. We became modern humans by enduring the genetic bottleneck caused…
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हामी मानव प्रजाति आफ्नो विकाश क्रममा धेरै खाले विनाशहरूको सामना गर्दै यहाँसम्म आइपुगेका हौँ। प्राइमेट, बाँदरहरूको सह-पुर्खाबाट झन्डै ५० लाख वर्षअघि छुटेका हामी प्रकृतिका अन्य कतिपय प्रजातिको तुलनामा धेरै नयाँ छौँ। टोबा ज्वालामुखी र जलवायुको परिवर्तनको आनुवंशिक (जेनेटिक) बोटलनेक, हिमयुगको कठोरता र अनेक भौगोलिक असुविधा र सिमानाहरू सामना गर्दै हामी आधुनिक मानिस बनेका हौँ। हाम्रो…
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मिर्गौला या जुनकुनै अङ्ग फेर्दा (ट्रान्सप्लान्ट गर्दा) जीवनभरि इम्युन-सप्रेरसर (रोग प्रतिरोधात्मक प्रणालीलाई दबाउने औषधी) प्रयोग गर्नुपर्ने हुन्छ। इम्युन-सप्रेसरको प्रयोगले केही साइड इफेक्ट पनि हुन सक्छन्, जसबारे धेरै अनुसन्धान भएका छन्। इम्युन र इम्युन -सप्रेसरले कसरी काम गर्छ भनेर थाहा भएको मैले त्यसबारे लेख्दै इम्युन सप्रेसरको प्रयोगले ५ प्रतिसतभन्दा कम मानिसमा हुने साइड इफेक्टबारे जनसमुदायमा चलेको…
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Your immune system can’t tell a life-saving kidney from an invader. Here’s why transplant patients take immune suppressants for life, and why one rare side effect doesn’t justify a sweeping claim
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Even though large animals like elephants have billions of cells, cancer is rare in them, while in humans its risk is notably higher. What could be the reason? Let us be clear from the start: the evolutionary reasons behind the different cancer-resistance capacities of elephants and humans, along with differences in genetic diversity, have shaped…
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क्यान्सरलाई लामो समयसम्म कोष (सेल) हरूमा हुने उत्परिवर्तन (म्युटेसन) को कारणले हुने समस्या भनेर बुझिन्थ्यो। प्रत्येक कोषमा हुने डिएनएको उत्परिवर्तन क्रमशः सँगालिँदै जाँदा क्यान्सर लगाउन सक्ने ट्युमर बन्ने सम्भावना हुन्छ। त्यस हिसाबले, जति धेरै कोष भएको प्राणी, त्यति धेरै क्यान्सर हुनुपर्ने हो। तर वास्तविकता उल्टो छ: मुसालगायत साना प्राणीहरू र ठूला जस्तै हात्ती र ह्वेलजस्ता…
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How does DNA copy itself, three billion letters at a time, with only a handful of mistakes? This article traces how Mendel’s abstract “gene” found its home in DNA, how the double helix unzips and rebuilds itself, and how rare copying errors explain everything from Queen Victoria’s “royal disease” to why marrying close relatives is…
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बिसौँ शताब्दीको शुरूवातका दशकमा आनुवंशिक/जेनेटीक सूचनाहरू प्रोटिनले सञ्चय गर्छ भन्ने धेरैलाई लाग्थ्यो। हुन पनि शरीरमा अनेकौँ जटिल कार्यहरू गर्ने भिन्नभिन्न स्वरूपका धेरै थरी प्रोटिन हुन्छन्। त्यो समय, कोषको केन्द्रमा पाइने डीएनएजस्तो सामान्य अणुले जेनेटीक सूचना राख्न सक्छ भनेर कसैले पनि सोचेका थिएनन्। सन् १९५३ को मार्चमा वाट्सन र क्रिकले डीएनएको संरचनाको पूर्ण मोडल बनाए। अर्को…
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केही अघि, स्पेनको ‘नेसनल क्यान्सर रिसर्च सेन्टर’ (सीएनआइओ) बाट प्रकाशित प्यान्क्रियाटिक क्यान्सरको उपचार बारेको अनुसन्धानले संसारभर चिकित्सा जगत् उत्साहित भएको छ। डा. मारियानो बार्वासिडले नेतृत्व गरेको इम्युनोलोजिस्टहरूको टोलीले प्रयोगशालाका मुसाहरूमा यो क्यान्सर पूर्ण र स्थायी रूपमा निको पारेको दाबी गरेका छन्। क्यान्सर एक पटक निको हुनु र फेरि नफर्कनुलाई जुनै पनि क्यान्सर निदानको ‘होली ग्रेल’…
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A recent study on pancreatic cancer from Spain’s National Cancer Research Center (CNIO) has excited the medical world. A team of researchers led by Dr. Mariano Barbacid claims to have cured this cancer completely and permanently in laboratory mice. A cancer that disappears and never comes back is considered the holy grail of any cancer…
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डीएनए आविष्कारका लागि निकै पछिसम्म श्रेय नपाएकी उनलाई आधुनिक भाइरोलोजीले उच्च श्रेय दिएको छ, उनले गरेको कामकै आधारमा अझै पनि कतिपय भाइरसको अनुसन्धान हुने गर्छ। सन् १९६१ सम्म रोजालिन्ड बाँचिराखेकी भए सायद उनले पनि पो त्यो नोबेल पुरस्कार पाउँथिन् होला कि, विल्किन्सको सट्टा। अहिले सोच्न त पाइयो, तर इतिहासमा धेरै रोजालिन्ड छन्, यस वर्षको नोबेल…
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She received little credit for the discovery of DNA until much later, but modern virology holds her in high regard- research on many viruses still builds on her work. Had Franklin been alive in 1962, perhaps she, rather than Wilkins, would have received that Nobel Prize. We can only wonder now. But history has many…
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The Saxons had a phrase for the ruins the Romans left behind: enta geweorc — the work of giants. Standing before stone arches no living craftsman could replicate, they could not bring themselves to believe a human hand had laid them. They were right to be humbled. Rome ruled Britain for nearly four hundred years,…
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A major breakthrough from Spain’s CNIO claims to cure pancreatic cancer in mice. This analysis explains the ‘triple blockade’ science and why the road to human trials is still long and risky. Read the full reality check.
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Did faith hatch before the farm? Discover how 13,000-year-old ruins at Göbekli Tepe and Boncuklu Tarla are rewriting human history?
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Five years after the pandemic began, a haunting question remains: Why do millions suffer long after the virus has cleared? A compelling new hypothesis suggests that SARS-CoV-2 acts as a master key, unlocking ancient viruses, latent bacteria, and genetic “ghosts” that have been hiding within us all along.
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Lobsters exhibit negligible senescence, defying the decay that defines human aging. Yet their secret- unrestricted telomerase- reveals a fatal paradox: the same fuel for their longevity acts as a driver for cancer in our complex bodies. Aging is an unavoidable cost of multicellularity- a compromise evolution made to maintain order among trillions of cells.
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From the collapsed dynasties of ancient Egypt to the hemophilia of Victorian Europe, the human quest for “lineage purity” has come at a devastating biological cost. This article explores how endogamy and consanguineous marriage have acted as a “genetic prison,” narrowing our diversity and exposing us to hereditary diseases- and why breaking these ancient walls…
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who tells the birds where to fly?
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